shareholders

The shareholder spring which has increased scrutiny over executive pay has led to an increase in pay freezes and lower bonus payouts in the FTSE100 in 2012 compared with 2011.

Two collective actions have been launched against RBS. Naomi Rainey examines the implications for institutional investors

Royal Bank of Scotland and four of its former directors are being sued in a class action claim that could be worth £4bn.

The Trades Union Congress, Unite and Unison have teamed up with PIRC to launch the Trade Union Share Owners group, which aims to "put union values at the heart of corporate governance".

It is time to get radical on executive pay, says Naomi Rainey

At least 30% of executive pay should be deferred in order to place more focus on long-term results, according to an independent review into short-termism.

Investors "will not tolerate" unjustified executive rewards, the National Association of Pension Funds has warned.

Hermes Equity Ownership Services has filed a shareholder proposal calling for proxy access to The Walt Disney Company's board.

Standard Life Investments voted against management at one in four shareholder meetings in 2012, according to a report.

The European Securities and Markets Authority has raised concerns over the independence, accuracy and reliability of guidance from proxy advisers in the European Union.