Fear of the unknown unknowns

We are all risk managers these days

Jonathan Stapleton
clock

As the US secretary of defense Donald Rumsfeld famously said at a conference in 2002, there are three types of information: the known knowns, the known unknowns and, finally, the unknown unknowns.

Even the list of know unknowns is impossibly big for schemes. There is uncertainty about future longevity increases, about whether future investment returns will go up or down, and the outlook for ...

To continue reading this article...

Join Professional Pensions

Become a Professional Pensions Lite Member today

  • Three complimentary articles per month covering the latest real-time news, analysis and opinion from the industry
  • Receive important and breaking news stories via our two daily news alerts
  • Hear from industry experts and other forward-thinking leaders

Are you a trustee, investment consultant or in-house pension and benefit scheme professional? You can apply for full complimentary access here

Join now

 

Already a Professional Pensions
member?

Login

More on Industry

Lords vote in favour of DC scale requirement exemptions

Lords vote in favour of DC scale requirement exemptions

Amendment in lieu raised on the issue as ‘ping pong’ process continues

Holly Roach
clock 21 April 2026 • 1 min read
XPS Group reports 13% yearly growth in revenue

XPS Group reports 13% yearly growth in revenue

Firm’s trading update shows aggregate growth of more than 100% over the last five years

Martin Richmond
clock 21 April 2026 • 1 min read
Bill mandation amendment rejected by Lords; MPs urged to 'consider the matter again'

Bill mandation amendment rejected by Lords; MPs urged to 'consider the matter again'

The bill will next return to the Commons for further consideration of amendments

Holly Roach
clock 21 April 2026 • 1 min read
Trustpilot